The momentous transition to multicellular life may not have been so hard after all

Single cells had many of the genes and functions needed for complex life to evolve.
Learn more: https://scim.ag/2Kjutt7

Credits:
producer/editor/script/narrator
Nguyen Khoi Nguyen

supervising producer
Sarah Crespi

original story
Elizabeth Pennisi

graphics
collar cells
The Biology of Marine Animals
bit.ly/2tGjoXB

young sponge
The Cambridge Natural History
bit.ly/2tvYISY

multicellular yeast
V. Altounian/Science


photography
choanoflagellates (2)
Mark Dayel, dayel.com/choanoflagellates

crepidula fornicata
Joyce Pieretti, Manuela Truebano,
Saori Tani, and Daniela Di Bella/
Embryology Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory

adult amphipod
Longhua Guo/
Embryology Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory

juvenile of the longfin inshore squid
Wang Chi Lau/
Embryology Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory

veiled chameleon
Jake Hines and Nate Peters/
Embryology Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory

chlamydomonas globosa
Picturepest, bit.ly/2yKjq6B, CC BY 2.0

volvocales
Aurora M. Nedelcu, bit.ly/2lyhCEm, CC BY 2.5

gonium pectorale
Environmental Protection Agency
bit.ly/2lCTMao, public domain

volvox aureus
Zappys Technology Solutions
bit.ly/2Knt3Ng, CC BY 2.0

volvox aureus
Picturepest, bit.ly/2lCERgJ, CC BY 2.0

yeast
Marina Taikevich, bit.ly/2N1csgF, CC BY 2.0

saccharomyces cerevisiae
Pilarbini, bit.ly/2N33qQm, CC BY 4.0

video
squid development
April Dinwiddie, Jenna Judge, Lynn See,
Rachel K. Miller, Marie-Therese Noedl, Juliette Petersen,
Maggie Rigney, Ju Roscito, Brittany Shamenek,
and Nipam Patel

yeast snowflake confocal
Ozan Bozdag, Siyi Cao, Ali Zamani and Will Ratcliff

multicellular yeast time-lapse
Will Ratcliff

multicellular chlamydomonas time-lapse
Matthew Herron, Joshua Borin, and Will Ratcliff

developing embryos of the African clawed frog
Nipam Patel, Chenbei Chang/
Embryology Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory

stock video
Videoblocks

music
Nguyen Khoi Nguyen