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Landslide in Pakistan

A landslide includes a wide range of ground movements, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes and shallow debris flows.

The biggest reason for a landslide is that there is a slope and material goes down the slope because of gravity.

But other things also contribute to landslides:

• erosion by rivers, glaciers, or ocean waves makes slopes too steep
• rock and soil slopes made weak through saturation by snowmelt or heavy rains
• earthquakes that make weak slopes fail or crack the rocks that will eventually fall down
• volcanic eruptions produce loose ash deposits, heavy rain, and debris flows
• vibrations from machinery, traffic, blasting and even thunder may trigger failure of weak slopes
• groundwater pressure making the slope unstable
• in shallow soils, the removal of deep-rooted plants that bind the colluvium to bedrock