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This is a page from a book whose title is Graduale Aboense. Here you can see a song about St. Henry, a holy man from Finland. The black marks, which are above the words, show what the music looks like. The song starts at the large letter G in the middle of the page.

Gregorian chant is an important form of plainchant, used mainly in the Roman Catholic Church. With plainchant, all people sing the same music in unison, most of the time. Sometimes, there is a second part, called "organum", which often uses the same melody, but at an interval. This interval is often a fourth or a fifth.