Adolf Hitler | |
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Führer of Germany | |
In office 2 August 1934 – 30 April 1945 | |
Preceded by | Paul von Hindenburg (President) |
Succeeded by | Karl Dönitz (President) |
Chancellor of Germany | |
In office 30 January 1933 – 30 April 1945 | |
President | Paul von Hindenburg (1933–1934) |
Deputy | Franz von Papen (1933–1934) Hermann Göring (1941–1945) |
Preceded by | Kurt von Schleicher |
Succeeded by | Joseph Goebbels |
Führer of the Nazi Party | |
In office 29 July 1921 – 30 April 1945 | |
Deputy | Rudolf Hess (1933–1941) |
Preceded by | Anton Drexler (Chairman) |
Succeeded by | Martin Bormann (Party Minister) |
Personal details | |
Born | Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary | 20 April 1889
Died | 30 April 1945 Berlin, Nazi Germany | (aged 56)
Cause of death | Suicide by gun |
Citizenship |
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Political party | Nazi Party (1921–1945) |
Other political affiliations | German Workers' Party (1919–20) |
Spouse(s) | Eva Braun (m. 1945) |
Parents | Alois Hitler Klara Pölzl |
Occupation | General of Nazi Germany |
Cabinet | Hitler cabinet |
Signature | |
Military service | |
Allegiance | German Empire Weimar Republic Nazi Germany |
Branch | Imperial German ArmyReichswehr Wehrmacht |
Service years | 1914–1920 1939–1945 |
Rank | Gefreiter |
Unit | 16th Bavarian Reserve Regiment |
Wars | World War IWorld War II |
Awards |
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Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party from 1933 until his death in 1945. He and his Nazi government are known for causing World War II and the Holocaust, which killed millions.
Hitler became the leader of the Nazi Party in 1921. In 1923, he attempted to seize governmental power in a failed coup in Munich and was imprisoned with a sentence of five years. In jail, he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"). He led them to become the most powerful political party in Germany after the 1932 elections. He began running the government when he became the Chancellor of Germany in 1933. The Nazis banned all other political parties and turned Germany into a dictatorship (meaning that the government was ruled by one person). Hitler's dictatorship is known as Nazi Germany, also known as the Third Reich (meaning "Third Empire" or "Third Realm"). Hitler called himself the Führer (meaning "leader") after the year 1934.