Tanganyika is the mainland part of Tanzania. From 9 December 1961 to 26 April 1964 it was an independent state.
It was an East African territory lying between the Indian Ocean and the African Great Lakes: Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi and Lake Tanganyika.
Once part of the larger colony of German East Africa (German: Deutsch-Ostafrika), it comprised today's Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania, but not Zanzibar.