The US Military Gave Out Shark Repellent For Years. . . So Why Did They Stop?
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People have been developing different forms of shark repellent for decades--the military even issued a chemical shark repellent called Shark Chaser to pilots, sailors, and astronauts(!) from the end of World War II through the start of the Vietnam War. Thing is it didnt really work. Learn why they bothered passing it out--or even created it in the first place.
Credits:
Producer: Andrew Sobey
Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D.
Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, PhD, Michelle Boucher, PhD, Joseph Sisneros, Ph.D. Eric M. Stroud, Ph.D.
Executive Producer: George Zaidan
Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson
Music:
Atmospheres DarkenedOliver Adam Spink & Christopher Timothy White
Sources:
Natural Product-Based Biopesticides for Insect Control
https://tinyurl.com/yx3huljj
A DIGEST OF THE LITERATURE OF DERRIS (DEGUELIA) SPECIES USED AS INSECTICIDES, 1747-1931
https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT87205491/PDF
STUDY OF THE TOXICITY OF TOXICAROL...USING THE GOLDFISH AS THE TEST ANIMAL. Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53: 1897-1901. 1931.
Removing Fish from Ponds with Rotenone
https://tinyurl.com/veqabku
Insecticides
https://tinyurl.com/sgf9bcj
Naval Research Reviews
https://tinyurl.com/u325cvr
International Shark Attack File
https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/shark-attacks/
Grunt: The Curious Science of Humans at War, by Mary Roach
https://wwnorton.com/books/Grunt
Shark Senses and Shark Repellents
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1749-4877.12095
Anti-Shark Suit
https://tinyurl.com/uocw76v
Surfactants as chemical shark repellents: past, present, and future
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-3245-1_9
The effectiveness of sodium lauryl sulphate as a shark repellent in a laboratory test situation
https://tinyurl.com/wx56mve
Shark Repellents From The Sea: New Perspectives
https://tinyurl.com/u5hvcb4
The Allure of Natural Shark Repellent
https://tinyurl.com/tlx88zq
From the CIA: Julia Child and the OSS Recipe for Shark Repellent
https://tinyurl.com/oxl2ard
Shark Chaser Report 1945
https://www.fws.gov/news/Historic/NewsReleases/1945/19451026.pdf
US Navy Synthetically Recreates Biomaterial to Assist Military Personnel
https://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=98521
Performance of a long lasting shark repellent bait for elasmobranch bycatch reduction during commercial pelagic longline fishing
https://bit.ly/35ymkq9
Fatality after deliberate ingestion of the pesticide rotenone: a case report
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1175899/
Membrane composition determines pardaxin's mechanism of lipid bilayer disruption.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1302204/
Pharyngeal cavity and the gills are the target organ for the repellent action of pardaxin in shark.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3996550
Compound Interest Shark Week Special
https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/08/11/sharkrepellents/
Shark repellent: not yet, maybe never.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2119017
Shark repellent lipophilic constituents in the defense secretion of the Moses sole (Pardachirus marmoratus)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/004101018890325X
Shark Defense Technologies
http://www.sharkdefense.com/about-us/
Chemical repellent tests on white sharks
https://bit.ly/304WOaS
Shark Chaser Freedom 7
https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/shark-chaser-freedom-7-0
Studies on the Development of Potential Biomarkers for Rapid Assessment of Copper Toxicity to Freshwater Fish using Esomus danricus as Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814698/
Effect of surfactants on zebrafish
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep10107
Shark Repellents: Behavioral Bioassays in Laboratory and Field
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69903-0_3
Discovering Sharks: A Volume Honoring the Work of Stewart Springer
https://tinyurl.com/uog2b9z
Why we love to fear sharks
https://tinyurl.com/sjveqf9
USS Indianapolis survivor: 'That first morning, we had sharks'
https://tinyurl.com/tblm2z7
National Archives Catalogue, Research Data: Shark Attacks
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6946057?q=6946057
An Unsuspected Foe: Shark Attacks during World War II
https://tinyurl.com/qswt9uk
USS Indianapolis: How three men survived the depths of horror
https://tinyurl.com/v77hh3s
The Worst Shark Attack in History
https://bit.ly/35IPMdq
Performance of a long lasting shark repellent bait for elasmobranch bycatch reduction during commercial pelagic longline fishing
https://bit.ly/2R41xpp
The anatomy of a shark attack
https://tinyurl.com/tn6hzwh
Oceana bycatch report
https://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Bycatch_Report_FINAL.pdf
Killed by dog vs lighting vs shark
https://tinyurl.com/uwhz2ud
Science, policy, and the public discourse of shark attack: a proposal for reclassifying humanshark interactions
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13412-013-0107-2
People have been developing different forms of shark repellent for decades--the military even issued a chemical shark repellent called Shark Chaser to pilots, sailors, and astronauts(!) from the end of World War II through the start of the Vietnam War. Thing is it didnt really work. Learn why they bothered passing it out--or even created it in the first place.
Credits:
Producer: Andrew Sobey
Writer: Samantha Jones, Ph.D.
Scientific Consultants: Leila Duman, PhD, Michelle Boucher, PhD, Joseph Sisneros, Ph.D. Eric M. Stroud, Ph.D.
Executive Producer: George Zaidan
Executive Producer: Hilary Hudson
Music:
Atmospheres DarkenedOliver Adam Spink & Christopher Timothy White
Sources:
Natural Product-Based Biopesticides for Insect Control
https://tinyurl.com/yx3huljj
A DIGEST OF THE LITERATURE OF DERRIS (DEGUELIA) SPECIES USED AS INSECTICIDES, 1747-1931
https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT87205491/PDF
STUDY OF THE TOXICITY OF TOXICAROL...USING THE GOLDFISH AS THE TEST ANIMAL. Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53: 1897-1901. 1931.
Removing Fish from Ponds with Rotenone
https://tinyurl.com/veqabku
Insecticides
https://tinyurl.com/sgf9bcj
Naval Research Reviews
https://tinyurl.com/u325cvr
International Shark Attack File
https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/shark-attacks/
Grunt: The Curious Science of Humans at War, by Mary Roach
https://wwnorton.com/books/Grunt
Shark Senses and Shark Repellents
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1749-4877.12095
Anti-Shark Suit
https://tinyurl.com/uocw76v
Surfactants as chemical shark repellents: past, present, and future
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-3245-1_9
The effectiveness of sodium lauryl sulphate as a shark repellent in a laboratory test situation
https://tinyurl.com/wx56mve
Shark Repellents From The Sea: New Perspectives
https://tinyurl.com/u5hvcb4
The Allure of Natural Shark Repellent
https://tinyurl.com/tlx88zq
From the CIA: Julia Child and the OSS Recipe for Shark Repellent
https://tinyurl.com/oxl2ard
Shark Chaser Report 1945
https://www.fws.gov/news/Historic/NewsReleases/1945/19451026.pdf
US Navy Synthetically Recreates Biomaterial to Assist Military Personnel
https://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=98521
Performance of a long lasting shark repellent bait for elasmobranch bycatch reduction during commercial pelagic longline fishing
https://bit.ly/35ymkq9
Fatality after deliberate ingestion of the pesticide rotenone: a case report
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1175899/
Membrane composition determines pardaxin's mechanism of lipid bilayer disruption.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1302204/
Pharyngeal cavity and the gills are the target organ for the repellent action of pardaxin in shark.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3996550
Compound Interest Shark Week Special
https://www.compoundchem.com/2014/08/11/sharkrepellents/
Shark repellent: not yet, maybe never.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2119017
Shark repellent lipophilic constituents in the defense secretion of the Moses sole (Pardachirus marmoratus)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/004101018890325X
Shark Defense Technologies
http://www.sharkdefense.com/about-us/
Chemical repellent tests on white sharks
https://bit.ly/304WOaS
Shark Chaser Freedom 7
https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/shark-chaser-freedom-7-0
Studies on the Development of Potential Biomarkers for Rapid Assessment of Copper Toxicity to Freshwater Fish using Esomus danricus as Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814698/
Effect of surfactants on zebrafish
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep10107
Shark Repellents: Behavioral Bioassays in Laboratory and Field
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-69903-0_3
Discovering Sharks: A Volume Honoring the Work of Stewart Springer
https://tinyurl.com/uog2b9z
Why we love to fear sharks
https://tinyurl.com/sjveqf9
USS Indianapolis survivor: 'That first morning, we had sharks'
https://tinyurl.com/tblm2z7
National Archives Catalogue, Research Data: Shark Attacks
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6946057?q=6946057
An Unsuspected Foe: Shark Attacks during World War II
https://tinyurl.com/qswt9uk
USS Indianapolis: How three men survived the depths of horror
https://tinyurl.com/v77hh3s
The Worst Shark Attack in History
https://bit.ly/35IPMdq
Performance of a long lasting shark repellent bait for elasmobranch bycatch reduction during commercial pelagic longline fishing
https://bit.ly/2R41xpp
The anatomy of a shark attack
https://tinyurl.com/tn6hzwh
Oceana bycatch report
https://oceana.org/sites/default/files/reports/Bycatch_Report_FINAL.pdf
Killed by dog vs lighting vs shark
https://tinyurl.com/uwhz2ud
Science, policy, and the public discourse of shark attack: a proposal for reclassifying humanshark interactions
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13412-013-0107-2
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